careless adj. 1.不注意的,粗心大意的;由粗心引起的。 2.漫不经心的,不介意的。 3.轻率的,粗鲁的,草率的;拙劣的。 4.〔古语〕无忧无虑的。 a happy careless youth 快乐而轻率的青年。 a careless life 轻松随便的生活。 be careless about 不关心,不重视,不讲究,漠视。 be careless of 不放在心上,不关心。 adv. -ly ,-ness n.
negligence n. 1.玩忽,疏忽;失职;【法律】过失;不留心,粗心大意;不介意,冷淡。 2.懒散,邋遢,不整齐。 3.【文艺】奔放不羁。 an accident out of negligence 责任事故。 The accident was due to negligence. 事故是由于疏忽引起的。
In the part of the summary , the thesis studies first how presumption of knowledge in legislation and jurisdiction is applied at home and abroad , with the conclusion that in main china it is primarily employed to presume the special knowledge and it mainly falls into category of judicial presumption . then the author explores and defines the concept of presumption of knowledge as a kind of rule or method of identifying the mental fact of knowledge at the time of commitment , which is inferred from and determined by some determined basic facts . then follows the discussion about the relations between presumption of knowledge and other categories such as careless and inadvertent negligence and strict liability 文章在“概述”部分,首先考察了明知推定现象在国外及我国立法、司法中的适用情况,得出明知推定在我国大陆主要用来推定特定之明知,种类上主要是司法推定;然后探讨了明知推定的概念,将其界定为:基于确定的基础事实而推知和确定行为人实施行为时,存在明知的心理事实的一种认定法则或者认定方法。